What are the common products of fermentation?

Q. What are the common products of fermentation?

Ans:     A large no. of products are obtained from the                  

fermentation process, 'such as alcohols, organic acids, antibiotics, aminoacids, steroids, vitamins etc. Energy is also produced, microbial cell, microBial enzyme with primary metabolites.

Q. What type of organisms are used for fermentation process?

Ans:     The micro-organisms of fermentation are unable to

manufacture their food by the ordinary process of photosynthesis as they lack chlorophyll. They are colourless and grow most actively in darkness or diffused sunlight. The organisms are generally chemohetrotrophs which drive their food and energy by metabilizing organic compounds.

Q. What is aerobic fermentation?

Ans:     The degradation of organic nutrients in the presence of

oxygen and some microorganism is called aerobic fermentation.

Q. What primary steps are involved in fermentation?

Ans:     The different fermentations mostly involve the following

two primary stages:

(i)            The splitting of glucose molecule into two molecules of pyruvic acid with the elimination of 2H atom pairs in the form of reduced co-enzymes (NADH+H+). This splitting is called glycolysis.

(ii)          The reduction of pyruvic acid or another appropriate product at the expense of H the H-atoms produced in stage (i) to produce different compounds.