ismoerim, milksugar, amino sugars, blood group antigens, kreb cycle, glucose level in blood, glycosides

What types of isomerism is present in carbohydrates?

(i)                 Optical isomerism

(ii)               Stereo isomerism

• Which carbohydrate is obtained from milk?

Lactose

• Define reducing & non-reducing sugars?

Carbohydrates having a free aldehydic or ketonic group are called as reducing sugars while those having no free aldehyde or ketonic group are called non-reducing sugars e.g., sucrose.

• What are amino-sugars?

Amino-sugrs have a hydroxyl group replaced by an amino or acetylamino group e.g., glucosamine and glactosamine

• What is nature of blood-group antigens?

Blood group antigens are specific class of oligosaccharides that may be bound to proteins or lipids.

• Write down any two biochemical reactions of carbohydrates?

Glycolysis, Kreb’s Cycle, Pentose phosphate cycle, etc.

• Give any two chemical reactions used to confirm the presence of carbohydrates?

Tollen’s test, Fehling’s test and Molish test.

• How are disaccharides taken in diet converted to monosaccharides?

As a result of enzymatic hydrolysis.

• What is normal concentration of glucose in body? Normal cone, of glucose in the blood is b0-90mg/100 ml.

• How excess glucose is utilized in body?

Excess glucose.is converted into fat which is stored in the fat deposits.

• What are glycosides?

Alkyl or aryl derivatives of glucose are called as glycosides.